Wealth Creation from Waste With Zero DischargeTechnologies

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ReX case study

Wastewater containing approximately 4 per cent formaldehyde and other impurities was treated with ReX to recover pure formaldehyde as an aqueous solution. Wastewater was contacted with ReX sol-2 in a multistage process. ReX sol-2 also served as a solvent and no separate solvent was required.

The concentration of formaldehyde, as required by the client, was brought down to < 0.1 per cent in the raffinate stream. Adduct was thermally treated and vapor formaldehyde was scrubbed in aqueous solution. Aqueous solution of formaldehyde (21 per cent) was recycled.

Antisolvent crystallization

Antisolvent crystallization (ASC) is widely used for recovery of salts. Having concentrated the aqueous stream, and then recovering the organics present in one or more ReX operations, the stage is now set for ASC to recover salts in their pure and salable form. In ASC, a suitable antisolvent is added to the aqueous stream, which causes selective crystallization of the desired salt.

Some of the salts obtained in their pure form from wastewater by using ASC include sodium sulfate, sodium formate, sodium acetate, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium salt of p-Toluenesulfonic acid (pTSA), sodium salt of glycolic acid, etc. The operating cost of ASC is 25-50 per cent of the value of the salt obtained.

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