In addition to biopolymers which are accessible through fermentation such as PHB and enzymes like thermostable glucananase and xylanase for animal feed, BASF is also looking at the fermentation of succinic acid. (Pictures: BASF) (Archiv: Vogel Business Media)
Seeking an Intelligent Mix

Where Will the Chemical Industry Get Its Raw Materials in the Future?

Whether coal, gas or even biomass will replace petroleum as the chemical raw material of the future is not yet clear. However, one thing is certain. Alternatives will be needed in the long term despite that fact the even pessimists predict that oil will be available for the next forty years. High prices, increasing consumption in Asia and the chaotic political situation in the oil producing countries add an element of urgency to the discussion on diversification of the raw material base. The industry is looking for an intelligent mix and an evolutionary approach to the supply of raw materials.

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Naphtha cracker of Lonza in Visp  (Picture: Lonza)
Cracker Control

On-Line Process Chromatographs Optimize Fine Chemicals Production

Exact and reliable chemical analysis of feedstocks and products is very important in the manufacture of fine chemicals. Laboratory gas chromatographs are among the techniques traditionally used for this task, but pressure to improve process operations has brought change. Online process gas chromatography now provides significant benefits, as shown on a naphtha cracker.

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HTC-Reactor in ATB's biochar laboratory (Picture: Foltan/ATB)
Bio-refinery

Pyrolysis Waste Water to Become Useful

Carbonization processes such as pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) expected to fulfil important roles in future bio-refinery concepts. However, until now a major problem is: These processes form waste waters that contain various environmental hazardous substances. Researchers in Potsdam/Germany seem to crack it.

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In the pyrolysis plant, three redundant Himax safety systems are used as ESD, BMS and F&G systems in the compressors, naphtha and ethane furnaces and other process units. Overall, the safety controllers process approximately 2,000 signals. (Picture: Hima)
Safety System Modernisation

Migration with a Vision: How to Update a Whole Refinery in Only Two Weeks

Refinery modernizes safety systems in just two weeks and assures plant availability for the future—In September 2014, the German refinery Heide Refinery used two weeks of planned downtime at its pyrolysis plant to migrate to new safety systems. The technology selection emphasized plant availability and a high level of investment security, while extensive preliminary testing guaranteed a smooth changeover.

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