Fig. 1: The refinery MiRO in Karlsruhe: Optimal use was made of the shutdown time in spring 2015. Not only inspection by the TÜV (Technischer Überwachungs- Verein) was on the agenda; many individual projects were also realized. (MiRO)
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How to Make the Optimal Use of Scheduled Plant Downtime

A regular large-scale inspection of a refinery took place at Mineraloelraffinerie Oberrhein (MiRO) in Karlsruhe, in the spring of 2015. All 41 process plants in No. 1 Works as well as three plants in No. 2 Works were at a standstill for four–six weeks. During this time much more took place than just the fulfillment of legal requirements: The plants were cleaned, repaired and underwent further technical optimization and testing to ensure that they would run reliably and efficiently in the years ahead.

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Fig. 1: Pusher Centrifuge (Pictures: KMPT) (Archiv: Vogel Business Media)
Filtration

Filtration Equipment Selection Criteria

Filtration centrifuges provide a good method for mechanically separating suspended solids from liquids. Separation in a centrifugal field generated by equipment rotating at high speed has a number of advantages compared to simple vacuum and pressure based techniques.

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The advantage of using microorganisms to produce components needed for substances such as polyurethanes is that they rely on biomass such as corn starch or straw as base materials (Picture: Bayer MaterialScience)
Biochemicals

Biochemicals from the Bacterial Factory

Oil as a natural resource is becoming scarcer and more expensive and there is a need to look at eco-friendly ways of extracting it, thereby reducing CO2 emissions. White biotechnology offers a solution: scientists are now using microorganisms such as bacteria to generate substances for the production of polymers. The advantage is that these miniature biochemical factories run on renewable resources or agricultural waste converting it into valuable chemicals.

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