How to Design the Emergency Relief System

Related Vendors

DÜPERTHAL Sicherheitstechnik GmbH & Co. KG

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What is a HAZOP Study?

A Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) study is a structured and systematic examination of a planned or existing process or operation, in order to identify and evaluate problems that may represent risks to personnel or equipment.

Hazard means – any operation that could possibly cause a catastrophic release of toxic, flammable or explosive chemicals or any action that could result in injury to personnel. Operability means – any operation inside the design envelope that would cause a shutdown that could possibly lead to a violation of environmental, health or safety regulations or negatively impact profitability.

The HAZOP process is based on the principle – a team-approach to hazard analysis identifies more problems than done by an individual. The HAZOP team consists of individuals with varying backgrounds and skill.

The expertise is assembled during HAZOP sessions and through a collective brainstormeffort that stimulates creativity and new ideas, a complete review of the process under consideration is made.

Risk Reduction with Emergency Relief Systems

While the Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) study identifies and risk-ranks hazards, Safety Integrity Level (SIL) determination focuses on the adequacy of safeguards to mitigate hazards.

The chemical industry relies on Basic Process Control System (BPCS) and Safety Instrumented System (SIS). In a process plant, the operator supervises the operation and takes necessary action through BPCS. The BPCS is the lowest layer of protection and is responsible for normal operation of the plant. There are four different SIL levels: SIL 1 - Probability of failure on demand between 10-1 and 10-2, SIL 2 - Probability of failure on demand between 10-2 and 10-3, SIL 3 - Probability of failure on demand between 10-3 and 10-4, SIL 4 - Probability of failure on demand between 10-4 and 10-5.

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