Chemicals from the Smokestack: New Developments Turn CO2 into Raw Material

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Cradle-to-cradle means the “make new from old” concept of “sustaining” a raw material in a continuous cycle. 5000 tons per annum poly-oil are only the beginning, they say in Leverkusen. Covestro interprets the investment as an opportunity of experiencing the technology. Interested third parties will be given access to the process within the framework of a license (see box). A gigantic effort considering the global demand of 15 billion tons of PUR – a market with an average 5% growth rate per annum.

The hunt continues

Elsewhere too, the test tubes are glowing: In April 2016, the biotechnology company Brain and Südzucker disclosed that it is working on the microbiological synthesis of Carboxylic acid from CO₂.

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Carbon dioxide as new raw material: At this production plant in Dormagen, Covestro is now incorporating 20 percent CO2 into an important foam component.

CO2 bursts onto the plastic production scene: Covestro CEO Patrick Thomas inaugurates first plastics production facility using CO2 in Dormagen.

The catalyst makes the dream foam possible: Here the CO2 is integrated directly in the poly-oil chain. With Isocyanates, we get PUR from it.

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After the first trials with a two-phase process on a laboratory scale, the Strategic Alliance Zero Carb FP process is being tested at a bio-ethanol plant in Phase 2. In this context, the intermediate products occurring from CO₂ like mono- or di Carboxylic acid will be used to manufacture polymers and plastics.

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In 2040, oil and natural gas are expected to make up nearly 60 percent of global supplies, while nuclear and renewables will be approaching 25 percent. Oil will provide one third of the world’s energy in 2040, remaining the No. 1 source of fuel, and natural gas will move into second place.

Global demand for electricity is expected to increase by 65 percent, and 85 percent of the increase is in non-OECD nations.

The share of the world’s electricity generated by coal is expected to fall to about 30 percent in 2040 from approximately 40 percent in 2014.

Global energy demand from transportation is projected to rise by about 30 percent, and practically all the growth will be in non-OECD countries.

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Even formic acid is being queried as target molecule, as it occurs under comparatively milder reaction conditions (approx. 30 bar and 25 °C). At present, scientists of the University of Stuttgart, of the German Centre for Air and Space Travel and of the Plinke Company are working on this project.

Researchers are relying on catalytic micro-reactors with which 1.5 kg of CO₂ is being converted at present per sqm. of electrode area per hour. Formic acid is required in the textile industry, but it can also serve as energy storage, as it disintegrates into Hydrogen and CO₂.

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CO2 Utilisation

Chemicals from the Smokestack: New Developments Turn CO2 into Raw Material

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